Friday 13 March 2015

Skill development and Job Creation: Mantra of Make In India

‘Don’t Have The Luxury Of Time’
The target group for skill development includes 12.8 million people who enter the labour
market annually
Skilled labour is a pre-requisite to making in India. The National Skill Development Policy (NSDP) aims at skilling 500 million people by 2022. The target group for skill development includes 12.8 million people who enter the labour market annually, the 26 million employed in the organised sector and a further 433 million in the unorganised sector. The target is ambitious as the current capacity of skill development programmes is just 3.1 million. Sunil Arora, secretary of the newly created Department of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship, talks to BW’s Joe C. Mathew on the Modi government’s thrust on skilling India. Excerpts:
The take-off of the Make In India mission largely depends on the availability of adequately skilled human resources. How does the government intend to plug the huge demand-supply gap that exists in this area today?
Skilling India is a political vision and also an economic necessity. This vision has been articulated by none other than Prime Minister Narendra Modi himself on several occasions. He has always underscored the need for skilling India. The department (of skill development) was created in July 2014 for this specific purpose. In November, after the reshuffle of the Cabinet, it became a full-fledged ministry (of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship).
Does that mean the government is looking at skilling India in mission mode?
When you use the word mission, there are two different connotations. One is mission as a structure. The other is mission as in the mission of a nation. It is indeed the mission of the nation. At the same time, a formal structure of this mission is also being worked out.
Where do we stand today in terms of skilling India?
There are islands of excellence. In the five months since I took over as secretary (in September 2014), I have interacted with almost 180 stakeholders from across the country. I visited Gujarat and saw the best practices in existence there for more than a decade. I reviewed the Rajasthan mission. I had an interaction with the Tata Institute of Social Sciences. My experiences have been very humbling. But that is not enough when the country aims to give a fillip to manufacturing. The challenge is to scale this skilling to gargantuan proportions. It has to be done with speed while ensuring quality
outcomes. We are dealing with people who possess skills traditionally passed on through generations.
Which sectors are you hinting at?
The biggest will be construction, followed by retail. We also have traditional sectors such as handloom and gems and jewellery.
Under the Make In India mission, the government has identified 25 sectors, which include information technology, pharmaceuticals, automobiles and chemicals. How do you see the skill deficiency in such priority sectors?
These are areas where NSDC (National Skill Development Corporation, which comes under the administrative purview of the ministry) has already formed sector skill councils. The biggest supply-demand problem exists in the construction sector.
What have the skill councils achieved so far?
So far, we have seen more than 14 lakh enrolments across 19 skill councils. Training was imparted under 297 job roles across 35 states and Union territories. It was possible through the involvement of 719 training partners and 2,808 assessors from 29 assessment agencies.
What is the role of the private sector in skill development?
This ministry has two arms — National Skill Development Agency, created in 2013, and NSDC. The equity in NSDC is almost equally shared by the government and the private sector. It is a private company in that sense.
Has there been any progress in terms of this framework?
One of the major developments that have taken place is the notification of the National Skills Qualifications Framework (NSQF) in December 2013. This framework (a quality assurance certification which organises qualifications according to a series of levels of knowledge, skills and aptitude) attempts to align the certification process in terms of learning outcomes, which the learner must possess regardless of whether the skills were acquired through formal, non-formal or informal learning. At the moment, there is no convergence or harmony in various certifications given by various bodies. NSQF provides this platform.
How do you see the targets set under the NSDP?
There are several studies related to the 500-million target. The fact is if you have to grow at 7.5 per cent and higher, which is expected under the current scenario, you have to scale up 15-20 times. Despite the task being huge, we are trying. We are working on all fronts, and we don’t have the luxury of time. On the one hand, we are scaling up the numbers through NSDC, definitely increasing the output by over tenfold from current levels. We are also trying to work through NSQF for certification. In addition, corporate entities are being roped in. Also, infrastructure of various ministries like the Railways are being used for skilling instead of recreating the infrastructure. We are also working with the defence ministry to ensure that highly motivated ex-servicemen are roped in as trainers and entrepreneurs. So it’s a multi-front effort.

 (This story was published in BW | Businessworld Issue Dated 09-03-2015)

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